Everything about Ioseb Iremashvili totally explained
Ioseb Iremashvili () (
1878-
1944) was a
Georgian politician and author. A boyhood friend, and later political adversary, of
Joseph Stalin, he's primarily known for his book
Stalin und die Tragödie Georgiens (
Berlin,
1932), the first
memoir of Stalin's childhood.== Biography ==
Both Stalin and Iremashvili grew up in
Gori, Georgia (then part of the
Tiflis Governorate,
Imperial Russia), where they attended a local church school. Later, they studied together at
Tiflis Theological Seminary. A member of the
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, Iremashvili was involved in the revolutionary activities in
Transcaucasia and joined the
Menshevik faction which quickly became a dominant political force in Georgia. After 1917, he worked as a teacher at
Tiflis and was elected to the
Constituent Assembly of Georgia in 1919. In February 1921, the
Soviet Russian Red Army invaded Georgia and put an end to its
three-year independence. Iremashvili, like several other Georgian Mensheviks, was placed in the
Metekhi prison, but was then released through the efforts of his sister who negotiated with Stalin during his visit to Tiflis in July 1921. In October 1921, sixty-two arrested Mensheviks, including Iremashvili, were deported to
Germany where he was granted a
political asylum. Having settled in Berlin, he engaged in Georgian émigré activities aimed at enlisting
Europe’s support to the Georgian independence cause.
Memoirs
In 1932, he published, in German, his memoirs,
Stalin und die Tragödie Georgiens ("Stalin and the Tragedy of Georgia"). Published in emigration and immune to Soviet censure, the book, although hostile to Stalin, is considered the only independent contemporary account of Stalin's youth and his early years in Georgia, and has proven a vital source for Stalin biographers. In his memoirs, Iremashvili relates many details of the Gori life of Soso (Stalin's childhood name), with particular emphasis of his brutal treatment at the hands of his father,
Vissarion Dzhugashvili. The primary deduction made by Iremashvili based upon his account was followed by several
psychobiographers, most notably by
Gustav Bychowski and
Daniel Rancour-Lafferiere, which consider beatings the key psychological determination of the future dictator. Iremashvili also reports that the young Stalin voluntarily terminated his studies at the Seminary, and wasn't expelled for his revolutionary activity as stated in the Soviet leader’s official biography. In addition, he claims that Soso’s parents were ethnic
Ossetians, thus explaining Stalin’s particularly hard-line policy towards independent Georgia and his excessive harshness in suppressing
anti-Soviet opposition in the
Georgian SSR in the 1920s.
Further Information
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